ARCHIPELAGO JUAN FERNANDEZ

Distance: 587 Kilometres of Valparaiso
Located in the middle of the Pacific Ocean। This archipelago is constituted by 3 principal so called islands: Robinsón Crusoe, Santa Clara and Alejandro Selkirk. Besides 3 islands more called Islands San Félix, Room and Gómez and Island San Ambrosio.

These principal islands are constituted by enormous rocky mounts that emerge abrupt from the sea beds towards the surface of the sea। The biggest island owes his name to a sailor left in his beaches in 1.704 by the English corsairs Shelters, in the Bay Cumberland.

The writer, Daniel Defoe inspired by the diary of life of this personage to write the novel of the same name।

These Islands are wonderful for his Flora and Fauna, there have been declared World Patrimony and Reservation of the Biosphere of the UNESCO, and today it is A National Park

His rainy climate allows the growth of the most extraordinary vegetable, only species in the world, as also the most interesting terrestrial, marine fauna and of birds at the edge of the extinction।

Juan's Fernandez Islands are connected to the continent by means of small ships and for flights of particular companies, which does a fascinating visit.
At present she is lived by settlers dedicated to the fishing and to the hunt for the famous lobster by his flavor and his only size in the world

RESORT CARTAGENA

Distance: 7 Kilometers of San Antonio

Popular resort with characteristics very similar to Valparaiso, the hills fall down abrupt on the sea, leaving a small and sheltered beach.
Former this place was the exclusive resort of the Chilean society of the year 1900. Magnificent hotels and houses were constructed. The walls and towers about some speak until today of his resplendent past.
In the classic villas of end of century, Cartagena also shows tells the history architectural।

Many of them were constructed as(according to) cánones brought of Europe and North America and still(yet) they remain with the name of his former owners: Galecio, Gherardi, Laureda, Hangman, Ferreiro and others; the most elegant front is not the one that gives to the street but the one that looks at the sea. These are characterized by his wide galleries of crystal and viewing-points

RESORT ZAPALLAR

Distance: 71 Kilometers of Vineyard of the Mar

There is placed in the middle of hills what produces a very agreeable microclimate to him. It is one of the most exclusive resorts of the zone for having precious gardens, leafy forests and grand mansions

RESORT CONCON

Concón is a former resort formed at the beginning of the 20th century. Itis characterized by his wide and beautiful houses of summer vacation. It possesses good hotel and tourist infrastructure. The summer life centers on Yellow beach with his wide pedestrian walk.
The gastronomic centers are located in both ends of the resort: in cove Higuerilla and in the Mouth।

It has beautiful beaches and precious coastal places, with a rich and varied gastronomy of seafood and fished. It is interesting to visit:
Cove Higuerilla. Located to 7 Reñaca's kilometers. It possesses 2 small artificial ports: that of the Yachts’ club and the port of handcrafted fishermen.
Yellow beach। Located to 9 Reñaca's kilometers. It is the center of Concón's resort. It is surrounded with houses, two hotels and a beautiful pedestrian walk.

The Mouth located close to the river mouth of the river Aconcagua. It is Concón's mall. It is characterized for possessing good restaurants, marisquerías and fish markets.

REÑACA`S BEACH

Reñaca is a beach of summer vacation of 1,3 kilometers of length that extends up to Concón. Former it was a part of one neighborhood of Vineyard of the Mar.
Between(Among) the most out-standing tourist places, they are: Colchoa's Viewing-points। The Costa Brava. Marine wolves and Oceanic Rock. Montemar's tack. Cove Higuerillas.

It possesses good hotel and tourist infrastructure; beside possessing a great offer of rental of houses and departments of summer vacation. It is interesting to visit Beach Cochoa। Located to 2 Reñaca's kilometers। Of calm sea and protected area. It possesses restaurants and marisquerías, all good sight to the sea.
-point of the Marine Wolves। Located to 4 Reñaca's kilometers. It takes place to park and to observe to the marine wolves that they romp in a high and isolated rock.

ISLA DE PASCUA

The vegetation of the island is scanty and dominated for relatively dense meadows।

The native flora is concentrated principally in the crater of the volcano Rano Kau, where it is possible to observe some species that in native language they are named: mako i, mahute, noa oho, hau-hau and some ferns।

In some places trees exist of toromiro endemic species naturalized and extinguished from the year 1962 in the island.
The fauna of the island is composed by introduced mammals and such terrestrial birds as the tiuque, sparrow, diuca, partridge (vi-vi) and domestic birds (mao-gallina), the latter brought by the king Hotu Matua।

Between the marine birds that come or manage to nest on certain stations to the cliffs or islands (motu), bird can be mentioned to the makohe, kena sula dactylatra, kima, the manutara, the latter partner to the worship of the man.
His marine fauna is changed and multiply, contributing an important resource of consumption and crafts। About 126 species of fish exist. Exquisite lobsters can be tasted, close to exotic products of the sea.

JUAN FERNANDEZ

Between the birds they emphasize the red hummingbird or collorado, the rayadito. Juan's Fernandez mammals are in the main species introduced as the goat, rabbit, rates; it is possible to find also mammalian sailors as the wolf of two hair and the elephant seal. In the small bays sprung from marine wolves and communities of marine birds they live without fear of the man.
Different types appear occasionally of cetacean, especially the Dolphins of “Nose of Bottle ", which are very common in these waters।

But, undoubtedly the animal most known about these Islands is Juan's Fernandez famous Lobster (scientific Name: JASUS FRONTALIS)। This crustacean is the support of this isolated community, and is commercialized in the continent. It is possible to say that thanks to the lobster, the people know that these islands exist and are known.

Besides the traditional lobster, a great variety of fish exists: vidriola, flying fish, modema, cod, rock salmon, pampanitos.
In general the flora stands out for being in a great percentage autochthonous and local, such sole right is the case of: palm chonta, naranjillo, cinnamon-tree and Juan's Fernandez apple tree, michay, murtilla, sandalwood and diverse ferns so much arboreal as climbers।

LA CAMPANA

This National Park shows from 1977 the category of National Reservation of the Biosphere, qualification granted by the UNESCO provided that it constitutes a scientific patrimony of the land

In the zone one finds the forest of Chilean palm, bosquetes of oaks and the forest esclerófilo, in which the quillay and the peumo emphasizes the boldo, the cinnamon-tree, between other native species

To the interior of this park it is possible to observe to the exotic fox culpeo, the viscacha, the quique, which can be seen only occasionally by the visitors of the park

The Chilean palm is finds in Ocoa's sector। Between the birds they are: the partridge, the eaglet, the owls, hummingbirds, thrushes, etc

NATURAL RESOURCES

Water and vegetation In this region finish the transverse valleys to give step to his so called longitudinal cousins। It is characterized for the beginning of the climate moderated with rains that go from 450 mm per year what allows a major development both of the vegetation and of the wealths of rivers that they increase in size as in volume .

In effect, to this region of our country she is considered to be the beginning of the limits of the zone called "mesomorfica"।

This way, the intermediate zone of the region is characterized by the steppe of thorny shrubs where it predominates over the hawthorn। Then, in the sunniest sectors, which look in the northern part they find shrubs as the guayacán, carob-tree, quillay, molle and other partners to the havthorn

In the coastal zone vegetation can be associated with a bushes arbustivo wood nearest to the bark formed by species as the peumo, boldos, maitenes, close to grasses and gramíneas। In the most humid areas they can be litres, quilas and pataguas

Likewise, on 400 and 1।000 meters on the level of the sea, the forest called esclerófilo the one that is formed by arboreal species as quillay, litre, molle, belloto, boldo and peumo

In the hills La Campana and El Roble develop communities formed by forests of oaks between 800 and 900 meters of height। Another important species is the Chilean palm that one finds in different areas, in small communities, in the Mountain chain of the Coast where is outlined the National Park The Bell, his economic importance is the obtaining of the honey of palm and due to his great explotation today he is on the verge of

extinction

HISTORY

A Almagro's expedition with supply ship from Peru arrive in Valparaiso’s bay in 1536, they founder the city। Despite Pedro de Valdivia's designation of the bay as the port of Santiago and the building of some churches. In 1802 Valparaiso was legally become a city.

The Valaparaiso's growth start after independence foreign merchants quickly established their presence। It is commerce was disorderly but vigorous.

The population at independence was barely 5,000, but the demand for Chilean wheat brought on by the California Gold Rush prompted such a boom that, shortly after mid-century, the city's population was about 55,000। Completion of the railroad from Santiago was a further boost and, by 1880, the population exceeded 100,000. As the first major port-of-call for ships around Cape Horn, the city had become a major commercial center for the entire Pacific coast and the hub of Chile's nascent banking industry.

When the Panama Canal was open, the Valparaiso's economy impair, as European shipping avoid the much longer and more arduous Cape Horn route. Furthermore, Chilean exports of mineral nitrates declined as Europeans found synthetic substitutes, indirectly affecting Valparaiso by further reducing maritime commerce in the region. The US Great Depression was a calamity, as demand for Chile's other mineral exports declined. Not until after World War II was there significant recovery, as the country began to industrialize

Actually, Valparaiso is a World’s Patrimony